By Ed Hoffman What do we mean when we talk about change management? Change is an inevitable part of the life of an organization. Regardless of why it happens, it is always difficult and painful for many people. One metaphor that’s helpful for understanding change in an organizational context comes from evolutionary biology.
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Don Cohen, Managing Editor Spaceflight is hard, Wayne Hale reminds us in the interview in this issue of ASK. His discussion of a long career devoted to the Space Shuttle touches on the sources of the shuttle program’s many successes and its few painful failures.

NASA in the News NASA’s Space Shuttle fleet began setting records with its first launch on April 12, 1981.
By Ron Taylor In my father’s generation, leaders were expected to give orders and workers were expected to take them. You did what you were told to do or you were fired.

Boston’s Central Artery/Tunnel Project, commonly known as the Big Dig, was the largest, most complex, and most technically challenging highway project in American history.

By Kerry Ellis According to the World Bank, more than 1.1 billion people do not have access to clean, safe water, and 1.6 million children die each year as a result of illness related to inadequate water supply and sanitation.
By Don Cohen NASA’s Chief Technologist talks about fostering innovation.

By Laurence Prusak One of the great questions in history is why the Industrial Revolution that started in the eighteenth century and went on to radically change almost every aspect of the way people live developed in the West, and especially the northwest corner of Europe.
By Ed Hoffman Last spring I had the opportunity to visit three project-based organizations in the Piedmont region of Italy.